Applications

AFM in life science education

Our AFMs are great for education: affordable, intuitive to operate, open-architecture design, and low maintenance requirements. We have taught many students as early as high school and community college to operate the an AFM, helping them discover nanobiology with their own hands and minds.

red blood cells embedded in coagulated blood proteins rendered in 3D

Nanoscience education today

Many concepts in cell biology, microbiology, molecular biology, and medicine have a foundation in micro- and nanoscale structures (nanobiotechnology, bionanotechnology, and nanobiology). But these concepts seem out of reach for hands-on, experiential learning opportunities in high school and college. Traditional light microscopes are available but limited in resolution to >200 nm (you can just about see bacteria). Electron microscopes that can achieve molecular resolution are expensive (>$500,000 plus maintenance), complex and often require toxic chemicals for sample preparation (such as depleted uranium, osmium tetroxide, and lead salts).

The consequence is that students learn about nanobiology from oversimplified schematic drawings in textbooks and it just doesn’t click. All that amazing biology is inaccessible except for a very small group of experts.

our AFMs can change that!

AFMs give students as early as senior high school access to nanobiology. This isn’t hyperbole, we have done it repeatedly with high school and community college students with zero prior experience. How?

  • Our AFMs are robust and intuitive to use. The most sensitive part is the probe, which can be damaged during the exchange or by landing too hard on the surface. Standard AFM probes cost ~$20 when bought in bulk and last for a week if continuous scanning if used carefully!

  • Test materials are everywhere in your daily lives, see examples below. Did you know that inkjet photo paper is a nanomaterial? Even eggs contain nanomaterials!

  • Mounting samples is straightforward in many cases. The requirement is a very flat surface (usually mica for molecules, glass/plastic for cells) mounted on an AFM disc (a blank coin) with double-sided adhesive tape.

  • It takes a few weeks of practice to get reproducible data at the microscale, a few months to be skilled at the molecular scale, and years to do the really tricky experiments. You’ll never run out of things to do!

  • AFM can be integrated with many subjects taught in class, such as materials engineering and microbiology.

  • Cost: Our AFMs start at ~$30,000 (incl. installation and training), are user-maintained (no service contracts), standard probes are ~$20, consumables are <$1 per sample (discs, mica).

We all know that inspiration in STEM education comes from students executing a project with their own hands and discover the science for themselves. It is also the foundation for initiating use-inspired research and workforce development in nanotechnology, both in biology and materials science.

See some examples of discovery projects here that are accessible to students with just a few weeks of training, depending on the specific project and protocol.

Requirements and costs

To put the complexity in perspective: You could run these AFM experiments in your garage, on an AFM that costs as much as an average new car, without maintenance contracts, and a few thousand dollars in annual consumables (mostly AFM probes). Yes, nanotechnology in your garage, seriously! Identify about 3×3 feet of floor space in your science lab (quiet, away from active sources of vibrations such as freezers, centrifuges, hallways, busy streets, etc.), a desk for 1-2 PC monitors, bench space nearby to prepare samples, and a 110V outlet. Done!

We support you in curriculum development that aligns with existing programs and interests, and ideally aim to create an iterative loop of design – synthesis – analysis so that students can take intellectual ownership of their project.